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Periodontology (Periodontics)
Periodontology, also known as periodontics, is a specialized field of dentistry that focuses on the prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of diseases that affect the supporting structures of teeth, such as the gums and bone. Periodontal diseases are common, and if left untreated, they can lead to tooth loss, as well as other serious health problems.
Here are some of the key aspects of periodontology:
- Anatomy of the Periodontium: The periodontium is the group of tissues that support and surround the teeth, including the gums, periodontal ligament, cementum, and alveolar bone. Understanding the anatomy of the periodontium is essential to diagnosing and treating periodontal diseases.
- Causes of Periodontal Diseases: Periodontal diseases are caused by bacterial infections that attack the gums and other structures that support the teeth. Other factors that can contribute to periodontal diseases include smoking, genetics, hormonal changes, and certain medical conditions.
- Diagnosis of Periodontal Diseases: Periodontal diseases can be diagnosed through a variety of methods, including visual examinations, probing depths, X-rays, and other diagnostic tools. Dentists may also use special tests to determine the specific bacteria responsible for the infection.
- Treatment of Periodontal Diseases: The goal of periodontal treatment is to remove the bacterial infection and restore the health of the gums and other supporting structures. Treatment options may include scaling and root planing, which involves removing plaque and tartar from the teeth and smoothing the roots to encourage healing. More advanced cases may require surgical intervention, such as gum grafts, bone grafts, or pocket reduction surgery.
- Maintenance: Once periodontal diseases have been treated, ongoing maintenance is essential to prevent further infections and maintain the health of the gums and other supporting structures. This may include regular dental checkups, professional cleanings, and proper oral hygiene practices at home.
Overall, periodontology is a critical field of dentistry that can help prevent tooth loss and other serious health problems associated with periodontal diseases. If you have symptoms of gum disease, such as bleeding gums, bad breath, or loose teeth, it's important to see a qualified periodontist for diagnosis and treatment.
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